Communism And Communism Similarities - 804 Words

China and Russia are seen as two of the most powerful nations in the world. Their strong military, economy, and large amount of land and population. These two nations have many similarities and differences that effect their relationship and how other nations see them across the globe. One major trait they have in common in their governments political view, communism. Communism was seen as one of the biggest threats to the world once it swallowed China and Russia. Communism is â€Å"a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state†(definition.com). Communism was spreading like wildfire in the 1900’s and impacted Russia and†¦show more content†¦The legislative branch and the judicial branches of government are both in control of who is elected into office and how people vote. Today, communism is still with China and Russia. However one little detai l of power has changed when the USSR became Russia. China â€Å"focuses on the preservation of power in the hands of one party† and on the other hand Russia â€Å"is obsessed with the preservation of power in the hands of one man† (blogs.reuters.com). Both countries also had conflicts with the United States about communism and their way of thinking about government. They constantly criticize the rest of the worlds ways of government. China and Russia had many similarities with communism and government, but they also had many differences that separated their thinking and beliefs. One of the most major differences was how long the rule of communism lasted in both of these countries. â€Å"China’s communism lasted but Soviet did not†(classroom.synonym.com). Over the decades political parties that want to change Russia have started to emerge. This wide list consists of â€Å"The Communism Party of the Russian Federation, The Liberal Democratic Party of Russi a, Rodina, and United Russia† (indexmundi.com). Communism is shown in some sort of way with each of these parties. On the other hand, in china there is only one party that is allowed to run for office, and that party is the Chinese Communism Party. This party runs over â€Å"eight nominally independent small parties†Show MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Communism And Communism1266 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical compass are communism and fascism. Throughout history governments implementing these political theories have clashed and considered each other enemies. However, both theories share a surprising amount of common ground in their basic ideology. Fascism and communism although being supposed opposites have many commonalities in their ideologies for class systems, governmental control, and religion in government. One major appeal to the masses which fascism and communism both championed is theirRead MoreAnimal Farm: Comparison to Communism970 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell, a new â€Å"political party† is created by the members of their animalian society, which is not only comparable to Communism in theory but also in execution. This so-called political party goes by the name of Animalism; a name that is reminiscent of Communism due to the pronunciation. There is far more to Animalism than the name that brings the thought of Communism to mind. The idea of Animalism (the name would come later from a different source) was brought forth by one of the oldestRead MoreCommunism And Communism In Arthur Millers The Crucible711 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to Mao Zedong , communism is not love. Communism is a hammer used to crush the enemy (â€Å"Communist†). Moreover, Communism is a political theory derived from the renowned philosopher Karl Marx. He believes that the government should divide the land equally, and pay people according to their abilities and needs (â€Å"Communism†). As the Cold War intensified in the 1950s, the hysteria of the perceived threat posed by communist became known as The Red Scare (â€Å"Red†). Similar to, in 1953, ArthurRead MoreMarian Claro . Ms. Catena . English 9, Period 1 . January1044 Words   |  5 PagesMarian Claro   Ms. Catena   English 9, Period 1   January 5, 2016  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Communism Socialism:   Communism and Socialism are interchangeably used a lot, it s mostly because they are similar. They both want to promote equality to remove social classes from society. They also, have the same ideology. Communism and Socialism at first can sound very appealing with everyone in the community doing their duty and completing their responsibilities toward the same communalRead MoreChina Relations DBQ Essay814 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Michael Mcgarty November 14th, 2014 6th Period AP World History Chinese peasant and Communism DBQ: Between circa 1925 and circa 1950, the relations between the Chinese peasants and the Chinese Communist Party became out of hand due to the peasant rebellions/uprising groups present, the tension between Japan and the communist party, and most notable the mass reform during this time period. In 1927 the rising leader of the Chinese Communist party was acknowledging that soon the upsurge of peasantRead MoreCommunism V.S Capitalism Essay example856 Words   |  4 PagesCapitalism vs. Communism Throughout history, there have been many systems developed in order to have a better society. Two of the most analyzed, and debated systems that have tired to change an economy for the best are communism, and capitalism. Communism, and capitalism have been compared on many levels, such as why they will or will not work, and which one works better. Throughout this essay I will concentrate on the differences, and similarities of how each operates, along with the benefitsRead More Communism vs Capitalism Essay849 Words   |  4 PagesCapitalism vs. Communism nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Throughout history, there have been many systems developed in order to have a better society. Two of the most analyzed, and debated systems that have tired to change an economy for the best are communism, and capitalism. Communism, and capitalism have been compared on many levels, such as why they will or will not work, and which one works better. Throughout this essay I will concentrate on the differences, and similarities of how each operatesRead MoreEssay on Communism and Kurt Vonneguts Harrison Bergeron977 Words   |  4 Pagesstructure of communism and its main concepts heavily relate to â€Å"Harrison Bergeron†. Communisms main idea is to keep the corporations from having too much power; as well as making everything equal. Communisms structure differs from â€Å"Harrison Bergeron†, but they both share a lot of characteristics. In â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† the government is given way to much power and forces everyone to become equal . Communism also differs greatly from our U.S. government and acts in many different ways. Communism ensuresRead MoreComparing The Way Of Adolf Hitler, A Fascist Dictator, And Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin1629 Words   |  7 PagesTo analyze the differences in the way Adolf Hitler, a fascist dictator, and Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, a communist dictator, controlled their countries and made political decisions, we have to learn what Fascism and Communism are. We must also look at how Hitler and Stalin came to power, as well as how they controlled their government. Starting with Fascism, it is basically when the state is the supreme power. Nothing gives orders above the state, and the state gives all orders. It is a strongRead MoreThe Rise Of Fascism During The 20th Century1381 Words   |  6 Pagespracticed by fascist because a concept of fascism is to have the best country out there. Fascism in Europe posed challenges and issues to liberalism, socialism, and communism. Fascism, socialism, and communism have many similarities, but different moral values. Liberalism has different views than fascism, socialism, and communism. Fascism challenged the idea of liberalism because they are very different. Instead of the belief of individuals with rights and differences, fascism believed all people

Essay about The Effects of a High Global Population

â€Å"I would be absolutely astounded if population growth and industrialization and all the stuff we are pumping into the atmosphere hadnt changed the climatic balance. Of course it has. There is no valid argument for denial.† -David Attenborough There has been a growing trend established with the growing population seen in hunger, warfare, and pollution: they are all rising. It is expected that earth’s population will rise to nine billion by 2050, and to ten billion by 2100. It can only be assumed that along with a higher population, more people will go hungry, more countries will go to war, and population will be the highest the world has ever seen. Pollution, hunger, and warfare have no exact date as to when they began. We do know,†¦show more content†¦Everyone is simply too lazy to throw stuff away, and this is not a trend we could see ending anytime soon. The abundance of people will also lead to a surge in product demand. More items will need to be made, and more smog will be released into the atmosphere. People do not take the initiative to separate garbage from recycling, to reuse item such as water bottles several times, and to turn off the lights as they migrate into the next room. An increase in pollution is inevitable. Hunger is another issue that will arise with a larger population. Crowd control can be achieved by simply building up instead of out, but that does not increase the amount of land that can be cultivated. Only about ten percent of each countries land is able to be used for farming, and they are using this land for cash crop such as cotton for money, or for cattle to graze upon. One out of six children who live in developing countries are underweight, about 100 million. If this many children are starving now while the population is at seven billion, how is this suppose to improve when it reaches nine billion? With an added two billion people entering the planet in the next thirty-four years, it is impossible to sustain them all. Some people say that with more people, more potential solutions to these crises could be discovered, but this is wrong. What they do not realize that no amount of awareness is going to change people’s selfish behaviors until it isShow MoreRelatedEffects of Columbian Exchange Essay820 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects of the Columbian Exchange It was the year 1492, and a man by the name of Christopher Columbus set sail from Spain where he then landed in the present day Americas, sparking one of the most important events in the world, the Columbian exchange. The Columbian exchange has shaped the world to what it is today with the exchange of goods from the Old World to the New World, and vice versa. The Columbian exchange caused numerous short and long-term effects in the Americas and many otherRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1235 Words   |  5 Pagesit. They may not be feeling the effects of global warming at the moment, but in time it will become a more widespread issue. The effects of global warming are hard to refute, and there is endless evidence of this growing problem in our world today. The continuation of global warming is a serious threat to everyone and everything on Earth. Global warming has been a problem for over a hundred years, and it continues to grow every day. The first evidence of global warming was discovered in 1859Read MoreEnvironmental Global Health : A Social Science Point Of View1492 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental global health analyzes the nature and build of the environmental by researching the effects of human and their interactions with the environment while creating ways to reduce environmental risk factors. Singer and Erickson define environmental risk factors as: â€Å"specific ways that environment features and events threaten human health† (Singer, Erickson 2013: 114). Environmental Global Health effects everyone from a state, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levelRead MoreThe Problem Of Global Warming1718 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyse the problem of global warming and suggest possible solution With the rising global temperatures, the global warming has become more and more popular. In fact, it is a natural phenomenon, which has developed in recent decades due to human?s activities, such as burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. These actions will produce large amounts of greenhouse gas, which would cause the Earth s temperature go up so that the climate will change. More importantly, the Global warming melt all theRead MoreGlobal Warming Position Paper1388 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2011 Global Warming: True or False? When one encounters the concept and idea of global warming, we inquire a wide range of opinions, facts, assumptions, and philosophies. As the general population of the world, the idea of our temperature of our earth may seem meaningless to some. Although, to others global warming is a growing epidemic that is defined as the possibility of our planet becoming too warm and becoming very dangerous for human existence. So when our population is faced to dealRead MoreObesity Is A Global Problem1150 Words   |  5 PagesObesity is a global problem. The results from population-based studies pooled across countries show an increase in the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and prevalence of obesity between 1975 and 2014, with a higher increase in women (21.7kg/m2 to 24.2kg/m2 for men and 22.1kg/m2 to 24.4kg/m2 for women). Within the same period, there was also a corresponding increase in life expectancy (59 to 71 years). In the general sense, the increase in BMI and prevalence of obesity should correspond to a decrease inRead More Global Warming - We CAN Make a Difference Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming - We CAN Make a Difference What is global warming, and how is it affecting the Earth and its inhabitants? The greenhouse effect and global warming both correspond with each other. The green house effect is incoming solar radiation that passes through the Earths atmosphere and heats the earths surface. It absorbed much of the outgoing infrared radiation re-radiated by the Earths surface. As they absorb the infrared the atmosphere becomes warmer. The gases key to this processRead MoreMalthus s Theory Of The Demographic Transition Theory1279 Words   |  6 Pagesregards to reproduction, poor nations continue to have high birth rates which put a strain on the global aspects of the environment. As our planet now holds over 7 billion people (US Census Bureau, 2016), scientists, economists, and environmentalist’s struggle to find a solution to our â€Å"growing† problem. One theory that explains this population change is the demographic transition theory. This theory, defined as a thesis that links population patterns to a society’s level of technological developmentRead MoreThe Effects of Global Warming on the Planet1158 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal warming can be defined as the increase in the earths sea level due to an increase in surface temperature. In decades past, there have been debates on what can be causing global warming. Greenhouse gasses and ozone depletion are one of the most important factors that geologists are facing in the fight against global warming. It presents a major problem for not only geologists, but also for policy makers, foresters, scientists, and most definitely the inhabitants of the Earth. Greenhouse effectsRead MoreEssay Population Growth, Industrialization, and the Environment1495 Words   |  6 PagesPopulation Growth, Industrialization, and the Environment Human population growth was relatively slow for most of human history. Within the past 500 years, however, the advances made in the industrial, transportation, economic, medical, and agricultural revolutions have helped foster an exponential, J-shaped rise in human population (Southwick, Figure 15.1, p. 160). The statistics associated with this type of growth are particularly striking: Human beings took more than 3 million years to

Background and Rationale for the Research Free Essays

Violence is an intrinsic phenomenon in human society and its occurrence or recurrence indicates the ever dynamic character of society. Violence ensues because man ‘s interests and inclinations are varied and often antagonistic. The propensity of man to pursue his selfish interests which usually give room for the outbreaks of violence necessitated the evolution of the state as an impartial referee to check human excesses. We will write a custom essay sample on Background and Rationale for the Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now In Africa, conflicts leading to violence have become a major source of concern due to their recurrent nature and consequence on the continent ‘s development efforts The problem of insurgency in Africa dates back to 1904 when Moroccan insurgents kidnapped American nationals at Tangier, Morocco (Nwolise, 2005). The Nigerian experience of insurgency started pre-independence and increased significantly after independence (Olaniyan and Asuelime, 2014). However, in recent years, the insurgency in Northern Nigeria by Boko Haram continues to attract worldwide attention and it is impacting on the corporate existence of the country, especially on agricultural, which is the main economic activity in Northern Nigeria (Osumah, 2013) The insurgency has created the big humanitarian crisis, with the recorded number of internally displaced persons totalling 2.3 million people in 2017 (United Nations Refugee Agency, 2017). The literature on counter-insurgency propose diverse frameworks for understanding as well as tackling the issue, e.g. defeat through the enemy, population-centric methods- with the focused programme of support for the state. (Williams et al, 2016) An examination of literature in counter-insurgency in Nigeria shows that the response of the state has been multi-dimensional and multi-agency approach (through active colouration with both statutory, non-statutory and not for profit organisations) (Onapajo, 2017) Whilst, this is the case, the counter-insurgency approach and intervention have weighed more heavily on the military as opposed to non-military measures. Evidence shows that this approach has been counterproductive as violent activities and various crimes against humanity are still being committed by Boko Haram (Amnesty International, 2015). The author is of the opinion that the state approach requires more thorough examination, â€Å"even when there are multidimensional differences between Nigerian state and states likes India where military approach solely worked in defeating the insurgents and for this † This research has as its focus – a critical assessment of counterinsurgency measures and strategies in Nigeria, which have been two-fold: First, militarist methods like deployment of soldiers and creation of new military base in the northeast (Akinbi, 2015), and second, the political methods such as the establishment of Internally Displace Centres (IDC) across the country and active collaboration with international organisations and security agencies (Onuoha, 2012). It aims to explore why in spite of the interventions, insurgency activities are still going on in Nigeria. The research will scrutinize existing research on counterinsurgency in Nigeria and Africa, especially published works by policymakers and academics as well as security agencies. Statement of the Problem and Justification for the Research Evidence revealed that insurgency in the country is a reflection of weakness and lack of institutional frameworks and capacity. Also, it reflects a myriad of the economic, social, cultural and political quagmire the country is experiencing currently by Naeke (2016) cited in the African-Centred Solutions Building Peace and Security in Africa. As mentioned above, this research aims to examine the counterinsurgency approaches in Nigeria, with the principal purpose of developing or identifying a workable framework of analysis. It is hoped that this research will contribute to future research on counter-terrorism measures in Nigeria. The British counterinsurgency strategies applied in Malaya (1948-1960) that successfully transplanted in Kenya (1952-1960) will also be explored, as they appear to have worked in a multi-ethnic setting. This approach has been far-fetched in the Nigerian state counter-insurgency measures. The above points are also mentioned by Weitz (2006) who noted that use of military approach can only record a success in the counterinsurgency campaign if it utilizes best practices to look into the factors that led to the crisis, and provide needed facilities to discourage both citizens and followers of the insurgent group through providing educational awareness. Therefore, this work will explore counterinsurgency that will incorporate population-centric factors and interventions, in opposition to enemy-centric styles (see, e.g. Sitaraman, 2009). The work of Sitaraman will be used as a theoretical and policy framework because it is relevant to this research due to its focus on population-centric interventions. To date, there is the paucity of policy and scholarly research work on the effectiveness of the Nigerian counterinsurgency strategies. This claim gives credence and justification for doing this research, in view of two decades of failed policy interventions and the seriousness of the insurgency. It is hoped that the findings may be used by the government of Nigeria to revise its approach. This research is significant because it will scrutinize the security apparatus of government and their short-comings so far in handling the activities of the insurgents in the country. This current research is timely intervention because it will assist the policy-makers in the areas of formulation and implementation of public policy, especially counterinsurgency strategies. This current research will contribute more knowledge to the subject matter –counterinsurgency strategy, not only in Nigeria but other Sub- Saharan African States who are under the threats of insurgent groups. This research, therefore, becomes significant as it is geared towards identifying the best practice counterinsurgency strategy with a view to establish that the country adopted style is inappropriate and ineffective therefore necessitating the adaptation and adoption of best practices that are valuable to the fighting of modern insurgency like the Nigerian experience. The Aim of the Research The research aim is to explore the counterinsurgency interventions by the Nigerian government to address the Boko Haram Insurgency in the Northern Part of the Country Objectives of The Research The objectives of the research are: To understand the nature and extent of insurgency in Northern Part of Nigeria To explore whether social cultural and economic settings are imperative to the analysis of insurgency To scrutinise literature on counter-insurgency in order to identify the different theoretical perspectives and philosophical positions as well as unpack the different concepts that are relevant, e.g. identity, religious, ethnic affiliations. To explore the level of international co-operation and multi and bilateral agreements on counter-insurgency in Nigeria. Research Question The following research question has been identified: Are the counterinsurgency intervention measures and strategies introduced by the Nigerian government fit for purpose? The Scope and Limitations of the Research The research delimits the scope to cover Nigeria’s State Policies and Strategies on counterinsurgency operations from 2009 to 2017. This research scope covers the government interventions to the Boko Haram insurgency in particular from 2009 when the insurgent group commence violent attacks in the North-East before its activities came to capture global and national attention, to 2017. Emphasis will be placed on the response of the Nigerian state within this period. The major limitation of this research is the inability of the researcher to gain access to members of the Boko Haram sect for interviews. Some victims of the sect ‘s activities which were reached in Jos, Lagos, Kaduna and Abuja were not willing to talk, and this forms another setback to this research. Furthermore, members of the public particularly the target population for this research especially security agencies like the Department of State Security (SSS), the Police Force, Defence Headquarters etc. we’re not willing to divulge necessary information on grounds that the required information is classified and the Theater Commander of the Operation Lafiya Dole is far from the targeted population, the headquarters of the Operation Lafiya Dole is at Maiduguri, Borno State and is not part of the fieldwork area. The significance of the research This research shall be of significance to knowledge as it will enable the Nigerian authorities and members of the public to appreciate what really need to put in place for winning hearts and minds of the populations, rather than sincerely and consciously getting to the immediate root causes of Boko Haram Insurgency and addressing them there from proactively, the Nigerian state rather adopts a violent or reactive approach which has so far not been successful but has only worsened the situation and to avoid the causes of another Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria. It will also enhance an understanding of the stages of the crisis in order to build up counterinsurgency interventions to effectively arrest insurgent violence when they erupt if there is the failure in the application of early warning. Finally, it will serve as a contribution to existing literature on the counterinsurgency interventions which can assist other researchers in future studies. This research therefore becomes significant as it is geared towards identifying the best practice of counterinsurgency interventions to win the hearts and minds of the population and to curb the activities of the insurgents and the remote and immediate causes of the Boko Haram insurgency with a view to establishing the policy framework that the country intervention measures to managing the Boko Haram. Violence is inappropriate and ineffective therefore necessitating the adoption of more effective and amicable counterinsurgency interventions. Organization of Chapters This research is structured into a seven-chapter framework. Chapter one introduces the research and comprises of the statement of the problem, objectives, significance, and scope and limitations. Chapter two comprises of literature review and theoretical framework of the research. Chapter three presents a general overview of the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria. Chapter four presents the various steps taken to conduct the data collection and design. Chapter five explores the counterinsurgency interventions to counter Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria and asses the counterinsurgency interventions to counter insurgents in the developed and developing countries. Chapter six discuss the research findings and analysis of data obtained from the potential participants through semi-structured. Chapter seven discuss the summary, conclusion and recommendations of the research. The operational definition of terms Insurgency The research will adopt the definition of the United States Department of Defence to describe insurgency as a group that aimed at the overthrow of a legitimate and constituted authority of a state through the use of subversion and armed conflict (Sources) It can also be classified as a rebellion against a legitimate government when those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents and utilisation of subversion and violence to seize, nullify or challenge the political system. Terrorism Terrorism will be perceived as an attack against the state through an avenue to create violence among the majority non-combatants masses and utilisation of fear to achieve political or ideological goals of the group or movement they represent. (Source) Counterinsurgency Counterinsurgency can be perceived as counterinsurgency campaigns integrate political, security, economic, and informational components that reinforce governmental legitimacy and effectiveness while reducing insurgent influence over the population. COIN strategies should be a comprehensive civilian, military efforts and civic actions taken to simultaneously defeat and contain insurgency and address its root causes and winning hearts and minds of the local populace from insurgent violence; strengthen the legitimacy and capacity of government institutions to govern responsibly and marginalize insurgents politically, socially, and economically. (Source) How to cite Background and Rationale for the Research, Papers

Nineteen Eighty Four free essay sample

Orwell has depicted technology in 1984. In George Orwell’s novel ‘nineteen eighty four’ Winston and his fellow party members are constantly observed by an array of party technologies designed to spy on the citizens of Oceania and are also used to spread propaganda and enforce obedience among the people. These technological weapons are one of the main influences in the party’s totalitarian rule. The Way that Orwell depicts the use of technology and the way that it has been abused is crucial in understanding Winston’s dystopic world. One of the main points to consider when the author introduces the reader to the array of party machines is that Orwell is demonstrating the potency of the misuse of technological advancement. This is evident in the novel as Winston is constantly in fear of the inescapable extension of the party’s rule, which reaches into every citizens home and life, creating paranoia and distrust, this distrust This allows the party to further increase their hold on the masses as they are now all-seeing and all-hearing, unlike previous dictatorial groups who could not reach every citizen in their homes at all times. We will write a custom essay sample on Nineteen Eighty Four or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another dimension to Orwell’s use of technology is that Winston never knew when he was actually being observed, which has allowed the Party to take advantage of the human psyche and constantly play on Winston’s paranoia. The most obvious indication of observation is the Telescreen, however Winston knows that there could be hidden cameras, microphones or any other number of much subtler forms of observation. This forces him to constantly guard himself even when he may be alone. This vigilance would eventually the citizens out and only makes them more obedient to the wishes of the party. What could be one of the most interesting abuses of modern technology in George Orwell’s ‘1984’ however would be the party’s invention of artsem or as it is more commonly called ‘IVF’. When Orwell mentioned this in the novel he described the fact that the party wishes to eliminate one of the strongest human traits, pleasure. By taking all pleasure out of the sexual act the party continues to separate ties between the family unit, driving apart couples while still creating children. For many readers of the novel when it was first released this was shocking and drove home Orwell’s demonstration of technological abuse. Although George Orwell has created the interesting and unusual dystopic world of Oceania and it is a work of fiction, his prophetic commentary on the use or misuse of technology is startlingly accurate when compared to the modern world. Every minute we benefit from transportation, education and up-to-the-minute communication, and while this technology is being used for the benefit of society at the moment, The modern-day reader cant help but wonder what would happen if this powerful infrastructure was used against all citizens for malicious purposes.